{"id":4247,"date":"2025-08-19T09:55:06","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T09:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/?p=4247"},"modified":"2025-08-19T10:55:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T10:55:27","slug":"what-is-fiber-optic-cable-used-for","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/ar\/what-is-fiber-optic-cable-used-for\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064d \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 19 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2025\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a - \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a 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\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064c \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 CommMesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 (\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 8-62.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1550 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 <a href=\"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/ar\/optical-fibre-over-copper-cable\/\">\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/a>\u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (EMI) \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0631 500,000 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 TeleGeography)\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2030 (\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mordorintelligence.com\/industry-reports\/fiber-optic-cable-market\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (1000-3000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0642 (500-2000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 (1260-1675 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631). \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629: <a href=\"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/ar\/single-mode-vs-multimode-fiber\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639<\/a> (9\/125 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 DWDM \u0644\u0640 96 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 10000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644: \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 CWDM 18 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 80 \u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 5G \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/ar\/what-is-ftth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644<\/a> (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644): \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 144 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 30%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 100 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 EDFA \u0643\u0644 80 \u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (288\u2013576 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627) \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 200 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f OM4 (\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0648OM5 (\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c SWDM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 100 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 (\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 5 \u0645\u0645) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.01 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 Google \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627 2025 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 576 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 (\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.2 \u0645\u0644\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a: \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 980 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 &lt;0.05 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (1000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 70 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u06481000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 2000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.19 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 5000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 19 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2025:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 4K\/8K \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 100 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 50 \u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (&lt;1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062f 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a APC \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 0.05 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 WDM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0640 40 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 (ITS): \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 100 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0639\u0629 (1500 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645) \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 500 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 144 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 400 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 (CERN).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 1000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (OSNR &gt; 30 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 1 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 200 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 1000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632: \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (150 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 0.25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 BP \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 192 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 400 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 96 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 DWDM\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f 1 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 8 \u0628\u062a\/\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/100 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 50%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 99.999%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 (&gt;0.5 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 144 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 500 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a ($1\u2013$3\/\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 ($0.5\/\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 CommMesh \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 (\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 (\u0639\u0645\u0642 1.0-1.5 \u0645\u062a\u0631).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0644: <a href=\"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/ar\/pre-terminated-fiber-cable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 500 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0639\u0629 (2000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645) \u0645\u0646 CommMesh \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0632 (0.1-1 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0632)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d 1000 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (0.15 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quantum_key_distribution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a<\/a> (QKD) \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 0.16 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 Furukawa\/OFS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 2000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0629 300 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.19 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 15000 \u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 (50 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0643\u0645) \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639: \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 SK Telecom \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 10000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 288 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639 DWDM \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 50 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 1 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\/\u0643\u0645\u00b2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 144 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 25% \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639: \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 5000 \u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10% \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 19 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2025\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 70% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 50% \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (600 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025) \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 (200 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 45%\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 100 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 15% \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 ($1 - $3\/\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 ($0.5\/\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 40% ($10\/\u0643\u0645\/\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 $20\/\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 30% \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 Verizon \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a $50 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 144 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 400 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 1 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 100 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 0.2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/100 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (OSNR) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 (20\u201330 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644) \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 BER \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 10^-12\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 BER \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 10^-6 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u062c (\u0628\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 10.4%) \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 (15%) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f (0.15 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0645-\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 192 ($ \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 1.50\/\u0645\u062a\u0631). \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 CommMesh \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15%\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 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\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 24 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0629 300 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.19 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u0631\u0628\u0637 10 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 2% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639: \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 288 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 1000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 40 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 18% \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 200 \u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639: \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 2000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 0.16 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a 99.99%\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a 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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10% \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0661 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0665\u0660 \u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0665. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (\u0660.\u0661\u0664 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644\/\u0643\u0645) \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0663\u0665 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Distributed_acoustic_sensing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639<\/a> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 (DAS) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 1000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 0.1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a $20 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (3000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 (6G)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 400 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a - \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 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