{"id":3395,"date":"2025-04-10T07:07:57","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T07:07:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/?p=3395"},"modified":"2025-04-10T09:58:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T09:58:29","slug":"fiber-optic-material","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/fiber-optic-material\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn internet c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hay l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt? B\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang<\/em> truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0 10 Gbps tr\u00ean 20 km v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c suy hao ch\u1ec9 0,2 dB\/km. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1p quang<\/em>, t\u1eeb l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1eef cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb CommMesh, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang l\u00f5i: Tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

K\u00ednh: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, th\u1ee7y tinh l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u2014c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao silic<\/a> (SiO\u2082)\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 99,999% tinh khi\u1ebft. K\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa v\u1edbi t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 0,2 dB\/km \u1edf 1550 nm. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00e1p quang<\/em> l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 100 Tbps tr\u00ean 10.000 km\u2014tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> th\u1eadt \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t cao\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1,48\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf g\u00f3c tr\u00ean 42\u00b0\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 suy gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,2 dB\/km\u2014c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1eabn m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20 km m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p\u2014kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a>, c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed7i 1 km\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $1500 m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01a1n mode\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u00f5i 9 micron\u2014silica \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p germani \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1,48\u2014trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i \u0111a mode\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u00f5i 50 micron\u2014boron ho\u1eb7c flo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 1 dB\/km tr\u00ean 500m. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1p quang<\/em> \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 40 Gbps cho c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"linh<\/a>
linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1p quang<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a: M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang<\/em> cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed. S\u1ee3i quang h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a (POF) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polymethyl methacrylate<\/a> (PMMA)\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u00f5i 1mm\u2014cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf r\u1ebb h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $0,10\/m so v\u1edbi $0,50\/m cho th\u1ee7y tinh. Nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, suy hao 1 dB\/m tr\u00ean 50m\u2014ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 Gbps cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20g cho c\u00e1p 3m so v\u1edbi 30g cho k\u00ednh\u2014v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong l\u00e0 5mm so v\u1edbi 10mm cho k\u00ednh\u2014gi\u00fap l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20% nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho nh\u1ef1a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea7m ng\u1eafn\u2014m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea5t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 dB\/m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, suy gi\u1ea3m cao h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 dB\/m so v\u1edbi 0,2 dB\/km \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00ednh\u2014gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ed1i \u0111a 50m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20 km v\u1edbi suy hao 0,4 dB\u2014nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: $100 cho 100m so v\u1edbi $500 cho k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecdc s\u1ee3i quang: Gi\u1eef \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u00ean trong<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u00ednh: \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u00ednh trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> bao quanh l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang<\/em>. Trong s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng silica nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1,46 so v\u1edbi 1,48 c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf g\u00f3c tr\u00ean 42\u00b0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> gi\u1eef cho t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t 0,4 dB tr\u00ean 20 km\u2014l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 99.99%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u00ednh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m \u1ed1p k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0y 125 micron\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, bao quanh l\u00f5i 9 micron trong s\u1ee3i quang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n\u2014mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n k\u00e9o 2000N\u2014trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, suy hao 0,2 dB\/km. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1p quang<\/em> giao l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 10 Gbps tr\u00ean 20 km\u2014\u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9%\u2014CommMesh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doping cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p flo \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1,46\u2014t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u00f5i-l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch 1%\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99% tr\u00ean 20 km. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, suy hao 0,2 dB\/km\u2014trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 Tbps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"th\u00e0nh<\/a>
th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1p quang<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m \u1ed1p nh\u1ef1a: M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf linh ho\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a, l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, polyme flo h\u00f3a\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e0y 125 micron\u2014v\u1edbi chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1,42 so v\u1edbi 1,49 c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 1 dB\/m tr\u00ean 50m\u2014l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi ng\u1eafn c\u00e1p quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 Gbps cho 50m trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng\u2014h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m \u1ed1p nh\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong 5mm so v\u1edbi 10mm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00ednh\u2014cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20% nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p\u2014\u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00f5i\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1 Gbps cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c m\u1ea5t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 dB\/m so v\u1edbi 0,2 dB\/km \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00ednh\u2014gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ed1i \u0111a 50m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $0,10\/m so v\u1edbi $0,50\/m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00ednh\u2014l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $100 cho 100m\u2014c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"GYFTY53\"<\/a>
C\u00e1p quang GYFTY53<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m: L\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00f5i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng manh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang<\/em>. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng acrylate \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng tia UV\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e0y 250 micron\u2014lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ec7m s\u1ee3i quang\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ebft u\u1ed1n cong nh\u1ecf g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,1 dB\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20 km v\u1edbi m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,4 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Acrylate nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> linh ho\u1ea1t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong 10mm\u2014v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 25 n\u0103m\u2014b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o 2000N. L\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0y trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,2 dB\/km\u2014l\u00e0m cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1p quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7m ch\u1eb7t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 900 micron\u2014\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1p trong nh\u00e0\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 Gbps trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng\u2014v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00f3 gel\u2014\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1p ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 10 Gbps tr\u00ean 20 km. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1p quang<\/em> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh: Th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh k\u00e9o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> TRONG c\u00e1p quang<\/em>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i aramid\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, Kevlar\u2014ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 2000N. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> bao quanh c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i quang, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o 2000N\u2014trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng\u2014v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 25 n\u0103m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\u2014h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng l\u00f5i\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft cong nh\u1ecf g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,1 dB\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20 km v\u1edbi m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,4 dB. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1p quang<\/em> trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1 Gbps trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ee3i aramid cho c\u00e1p nh\u1eb9\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 30g cho 3m\u2014v\u00e0 d\u00e2y th\u00e9p cho c\u00e1p b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp 2000N\u2014trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99% tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n khoan d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"c\u00e1p<\/a>
c\u00e1p quang<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang \u00e1o kho\u00e1c: L\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Polyvinyl Clorua (PVC): B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 trong nh\u00e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PVC nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Polyvinyl clorua (PVC) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> cho l\u1edbp \u00e1o kho\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e0y 3mm\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u00e0\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 Gbps cho m\u1ea1ng LAN. PVC nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> linh ho\u1ea1t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong 10mm\u2014v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $0.05\/m\u2014c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng UL 94 V-0\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99% trong nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1o kho\u00e1c PVC<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc PVC b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang<\/em> trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 40 Gbps trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t 0,1 dB tr\u00ean 300m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20% nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p\u2014l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i\u2014h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a PVC<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, PVC nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng UV\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1edbp v\u1ecf 5% b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng sau 1 n\u0103m\u2014v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 10% trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m cho PVC t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho trong nh\u00e0 c\u00e1p quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99% t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng\u2014n\u01a1i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cdt kh\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng halogen (LSZH): An to\u00e0n l\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao LSZH l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00cdt kh\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng halogen (LSZH) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u00e1o kho\u00e1c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e0y 3mm\u2014nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. LSZH nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> th\u1ea3i ra \u00edt kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed halogen \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 90% \u00edt kh\u00f3i h\u01a1n PVC\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 99,99% th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p\u2014\u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a LSZH<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, \u00c1o kho\u00e1c LSZH l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 50% \u00edt kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n\u2014l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m\u2014n\u01a1i c\u00e1p quang<\/em> cung c\u1ea5p 1 Gbps\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t 0,2 dB\/km. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady\u2014trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y IEC 60332-1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi LSZH<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

LSZH nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $0,07\/m so v\u1edbi $0,05\/m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC\u2014v\u00e0 k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong 15mm so v\u1edbi 10mm\u2014l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 10% ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9% trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u2014n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polyethylene (PE): \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a PE nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Polyetylen (PE) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u00e1p quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e0y 3mm\u2014do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 25 n\u0103m. PE nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng gel ch\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n UV\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 90% \u00edt b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i h\u01a1n PVC\u2014l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1p ch\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 10 Gbps tr\u00ean 20 km v\u1edbi suy hao 0,4 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1o kho\u00e1c PE<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c PE b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang<\/em> trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb -40\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 70\u00b0C\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 Tbps. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, suy hao 0,2 dB\/km\u2014khi\u1ebfn PE tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho m\u1ea1ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 50 km cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1edbi PE<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

PE nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong 20mm so v\u1edbi 10mm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC\u2014v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 40g \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 3m so v\u1edbi 30g\u2014l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 15% ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1p quang<\/em> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9%\u2014trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 20 km v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c suy hao 0,4 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u1ee8ng<\/a>
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p quang Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u00f5i th\u1ee7y tinh g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t 0,2 dB\/km so v\u1edbi 1 dB\/m c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 10 Gbps\u2014\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 100 Tbps cho vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. Quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 20 km v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c suy hao 0,4 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c PE c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 25 n\u0103m so v\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a PVC\u2014ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 tia UV\u2014\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,9%\u2014trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1p ch\u00f4n 50 km. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1p quang<\/em> m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec $1000\/km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c $0,50\/m so v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a \u1edf m\u1ee9c $0,10\/m\u2014v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 Tbps\u2014v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea7m ng\u1eafn\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 Gbps cho 50m. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> TRONG c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, $1,3 tri\u1ec7u cho 5000 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u2014gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. T\u1eeb l\u00f5i th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 PVC, LSZH v\u00e0 PE, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1p quang<\/em> giao l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang<\/em>\u2014nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 10 Gbps v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 99,99%\u2014gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb CommMesh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang<\/em> gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u2014ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn internet c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hay l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt? B\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang\u2014c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0 10 Gbps tr\u00ean 20 km v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 0,2 dB\/km suy hao. Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u1ee3i quang [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"34","_seopress_titles_title":"Fiber Optic Material: A Beginner\u2019s Guide - CommMesh","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3395"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3410,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3395\/revisions\/3410"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commmesh.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}